Low Emission Zones in Europe
Europe-wide information on LEZ s
European Low Emission Zone
Low Emission
Zones
close window

top

Your source of information about Low Emission Zones and how they affect you when you drive in Europe. There are many Low Emission Zones (LEZs) in 10 European countries. Low Emission Zones are areas where vehicle access is limited by its emissions.

This website, www.lowemissionzones.eu, gives all the information you need to drive in LEZs in Europe. The information is available within 1-2 clicks from the homepage, either via the frontpage map or side and top menus.

To navigate the site, click on the map; use the tabs at the top to find Cities by A-Z or by Country, how to comply, and retrofitting details. This text also gives many links you can use to navigate the site.

Alternatively use the left hand menu to find out what are LEZs, and do why they exit, get an overview of LEZs, or use our 'Quick Guide'.

The ‘Quick Guide’ gives an overview table with all LEZs by country/city or start date, showing the most important facts at a single glance (emissions standard, vehicles, dates) and a link to full information. It also allows you to search LEZs by vehicle type affected: coach, lorry, camper van, van, car and motorcycle.

Overview of Low Emission Zones (LEZs) in Europe

LEZs are implemented to improve air quality, and help meet the EU health-based air quality limits, particularly of particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5 and also Black Carbon) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Poor air quality kills over 310000 people in Europe each year - more than by road accidents – with human health costs of between €427 and €790 billion per year.

Which vehicles are affected?

The following table gives a summary by vehicles affected:

 Vehicle type

 LEZs

 Vehicle standard 2011

 Future standard

 Lorries only

Netherlands Euro 4(PM) Euro 4 (1/7/13)
Austrian A12 motorway Euro 2/3  
Mont Blanc Tunnel, FR/IT Euro 1  
 Heavy Duty Vehicles   London, UK Euro 3(PM) Euro 4(PM) (3/1/12)
Denmark Fit filter if <Euro 4  
Sweden 8 years old / Euro 3  
Prague, CZ Euro 2  
 All 4+ wheelers Germany Euro 2-4(PM) & Euro 1 petrol  
 All vehicles Italy Euro 1-3 / no 2-stroke motorcycles  
 Local buses under agreements Norwich, UK Euro 3(NOx)  
Oxford, UK None Euro V (1/1/13)
 Vans London, UK None Euro 3 (3/1/12)
Germany Euro 2-4(PM) & Euro 1 petrol  
taly Euro 1-3 / no 2-stroke motorcycles  

Operating hours: Most LEZs operate permanently, the exemption is Italy, where LEZs sometimes operate at peak or other selected times.

Do I have to register before entering? In Germany and Sweden you will need to buy a sticker. Danish vehicles need to purchase a sticker for the Danish LEZs, foreign vehicles need to carry proof of the vehicle emissions standard. Foreign vehicles are required to register with London’s LEZ (as the national database does not include their details). Entry to the Prague LEZ is by permit. Some Italian LEZs require stickers, and you need to pay to enter the Milan Ecopass area. In many cases registration is possible by Internet or post. More information on registering can be found on our 'Where do I need to register' page.

Other LEZs are enforced with cameras reading the vehicle number plates (Netherlands, London), or by police controlling the vehicle papers (Italy, A12, Mont Blanc Tunnel), or local agreements (Norwich, Oxford (UK)).

LEZs are also called Environment Zones, or in a selection of European languages: Umweltzonen, Fahrverbote, Milieuzones, Lavutslippssone, Norway, Miljozone, Miljözon, Zielone Strefy, Nízkoemisní Zóny, ZAPA (Zone d'Action Prioritaire pour l'Air, zone environnementale), Zona de Bajas Emisiones.

LEZs currently exist in 8 countries, Germany, the Netherlands, the UK, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic. They are also in planning in other countries.

If your vehicle does not meet the emission standards required, you can buy a newer vehicle, use a different vehicle, or modify your vehicle's engine, for example by fitting a diesel particulate filter. You can find more about the different options from our how to comply page.

Go to Top of Website Guide

Top Panel
Website Guide + summary
Top Panel

Google - press F5 in Internet Explorer

English Albanian Belarusian Bulgarian Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hungarian Irish Italian Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Maltese Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian Slovak Slovenian Spanish Swedish Turkish Ukrainian
This automatic translation is provided to help you. We accept no responsibility for the accuracy of translations. The site is written in English.
Article Index
What are LEZs ?
Why LEZs? - Health!
Air quality and Health
Impact of LEZs
Euro and emissions standards
What emissions standard is my vehicle?
What is Air Pollution?
Where does pollution come from?
What else is being done to reduce air pollution?
The role of the EU
EU Air Quality Targets
All Pages

 

 

EU Air Quality Targets

 
 

 

 

 Limit Values for the protection of human health
 Pollutant
Averaging period Limit value*
 Date by which value is to be met
 Benzene Calendar year  5 µg/m3 (1.54 ppb)  1 January 2010
 Carbon monoxide (CO) 8-hour, rolling basis  10 mg/m3 (8.6 ppm)  1 January 2005
  Lead
Calendar year
 0.5 µg/m3  1 January 2005 or, in specific cases, 1 January 2010
  Nitrogen dioxide (NO2 1-hour

 200 µg/m3 (105 ppb), not to be exceeded > 18 times a calendar year

 1 January 2010
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) Calendar year  40 µg/m3 (21 ppb)  1 January 2010
 Ozone (O3)
Maximum daily 8-hour mean Target Value  120 µg/m3 (60 ppb), not to be exceeded > 25 days a calendar year averaged over 3 years

1 January 2010

Particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter           Calendar year    (PM10),           
Gravimetric**  
24-hour
 50 µg/m3, not to be exceeded > 35 times a calendar year  1 January 2005
Calendar year  40 µg/m3  1 January 2005
  PM2.5 Calendar year  25 µg/m3
 1 January 2015
Calendar year, exposure reduction
 20 µg/m3   1 January 2015
Exposure reduction  0-20% urban background reduction, to meet 18 µg/m3 by  2020.
 between 2010 & 2020
  Sulphur  dioxide (SO2)  1-hour  350 µg/m3 (132ppb), not to be       exceeded > 24 times a calendar year
 1 January 2005
 24-hour
 125 µg/m3 (47ppb), not to be exceeded > 3 times a calendar year 
 1 January 2005
 Arsenic (As)  Calendar year Target value 6 ng/m3 1 January 2012
Cadmium (Cd)
Calendar year Target value 5 ng/m3 1 January 2012
Nickel (Ni)
Calendar year Target value 20 ng/m3
1 January 2012
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)
Calendar year Target value 1 ng/m3 (expressed as Benzo(a)pyrene)
1 January 2012
Limit Values for the protection of vegetation (NOx) and ecosystems (SO2)
  Oxides  of nitrogen (NOx) Calendar year  30 µg/m3  19 July 2001
 Sulphur dioxide (SO2) Calendar year & winter (1 Oct to 31 Mar)  20 µg/m3  19 July 2001
                 
*  Limit Value is legally binding on member states. A target value is to be attained as far as possible by the attainment date and so is less strict than a limit value.
** Gravimetric refers to the method of measuring PM10

 



 
env-tso